Institute of technology
The institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization.
The world's first institution of technology, the Berg-Schola (today its legal successor is the University of Miskolc[1][failed verification]), was founded by the Court Chamber of Vienna in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary (now Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia), in 1735 in order to train specialists of precious metal and copper mining according to the requirements of the industrial revolution in Hungary.
In countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities.
During the 1970s to early 1990s, the term was used to describe state owned and funded technical schools that offered both vocational and higher education.
Affiliate schools are polytechnic divisions attached to a national university and offer select technical and engineering transfer programs.
Canadian higher education institutions, at all levels, undertake directed and applied research with financing allocated through public funding, private equity, or industry sources.
The Geophysics Institute[14][15] monitors the country's seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity in the continental territory and in the Galápagos Islands.
[16][17] The Nuclear Science Department at EPN is the only one in Ecuador and has the large infrastructure, related to irradiation facilities like cobalt-60 source and electron beam processing.
degrees and roughly correspond to Instituts de technologie of French-speaking areas and Technische Universität of Germany in prestige.
They possess the advantage of combining all the assets of the engineering Grandes Écoles and those of universities as they develop simultaneously and coherently three missions: Education, Research, Transfer of technology.
Such terms include Écoles Polytechniques (Algeria, Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland, Tunisia), Escola Politécnica (Brasil, Spain), Polytechnicum (Eastern Europe).
In French language, higher education refers to écoles polytechniques, providing science and engineering curricula: Fachhochschulen were first founded in the early 1970s.
The nine largest and most renowned Technische Universitäten in Germany have formed TU9 German Institutes of Technology as community of interests.
But those faculty are not under the general term of Polytechnics nor they have an integrated master's degree yet waiting evaluation[20] to be characterised as equivalent.
The world's first[22][23] Institute of Technology the Berg-Schola (Bergschule) established in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary, by the Court Chamber of Vienna in 1735 providing Further education to train specialists of precious metal and copper mining.
Some institutions have "delegated authority" that allows them to make doctoral awards in their own name, after authorisation by the Quality and Qualifications Ireland.
[42] In Italy, the term "technical institute" generally refers to a secondary school which offers a five-year course granting the access to the university system.
[43] In higher education, Politecnico refers to a technical university awarding bachelor, master and PhD degrees in engineering.
Historically there were two Politecnici, one in each of the two largest industrial cities of the north: A third Politecnico was added in the south in 1990: In 2003 the Libera Università di Ancona becomes: However, many other universities have a faculty of engineering.
The first polytechnic in Malaysia, Politeknik Ungku Omar, was established by the Ministry of Education in 1969 with the help of UNESCO and the amount of RM24.5 million[vague] from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
The National Technological Institute of Mexico (in Spanish: Tecnológico Nacional de México, TecNM) is a Mexican public university system created on 23 July 2014 by presidential decree with the purpose to unify 263 public institutes of technology that had been created since 1948 and are found all around Mexico.
The Polytechnic diploma certification in Singapore is equivalent to an associate degree obtainable at the community colleges in the United States.
A Polytechnic diploma in Singapore is also known to be parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution, thus, Polytechnic graduates in Singapore have the privilege of being granted transfer credits or module exemptions when they apply to a local or overseas universities, depending on the university's policies on transfer credits.
The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia,[23] founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood.
In South Africa, there was a division between universities and technikons (polytechnics), as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings.
Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injured[46] and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring.
Initially they concentrated on engineering and applied science degree courses and other STEM subjects similar to technological universities in the US and continental Europe.
Most polytechnic institutes were established at the center of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education.
Institutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts.
Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees.
