Chile's Fernando González and Nicolás Massú defeated Germany's Nicolas Kiefer and Rainer Schüttler in the final, 6–2, 4–6, 3–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–4 to win the gold medal in Men's Doubles tennis at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

In the bronze medal match, Croatia's Mario Ančić and Ivan Ljubičić defeated India's Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes, 7–6(7–5), 4–6, 16–14.

Mark Woodforde had retired after the 2000 Games, ending The Woodies partnership with Todd Woodbridge that had earned gold in 1996 and silver in 2000.

Woodbridge played in his fourth Games, with partner Wayne Arthurs (tennis)—still a formidable pairing, and the number two seed in Athens.

France made its ninth appearance in the event, matching the absent Great Britain for most of all nations.