Test construction strategies are the various ways that items in a psychological measure are created and decided upon.
[2] Advantages of this method include the opportunity to discover previously unidentified or unexpected relationships between items or constructs.
It also may allow for the development of subtle items that prevent test takers from knowing what is being measured and may represent the actual structure of a construct better than a pre-developed theory.
[3] Criticisms include a vulnerability to finding item relationships that do not apply to a broader population, difficulty identifying what may be measured in each component because of confusing item relationships, or constructs that were not fully addressed by the originally created questions.
[4] Also known as rational, intuitive, or deductive method, it begins by developing a theory for the construct of interest.