Senator Phil Gramm decided to retire, instead of seeking a fourth term.
State Attorney General Republican John Cornyn won the open seat.
Despite the fact that Texas is a red state, Kirk ran on a socially progressive platform: supporting abortion rights and opposing Bush judicial nominee Priscilla Richman, although Kirk was a former George W. Bush supporter.
[3][4] Cornyn was criticized for taking campaign money from Enron and other controversial companies.
[5] And although other Democrats have seized on the issue, Kirk is well-entrenched in the Dallas business community, and his wife resigned from two private-sector jobs that created potential conflicts of interest for Kirk while he was mayor.