[1] It was established by Stephen F. Austin on August 5, 1823 for defense of the Old Three Hundred colonists against the Karankawa, Comanche, and Cherokee tribes; among others.

Their legend continued at the Battle of the Alamo as the only relief force to answer the To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World letter.

"[1] On August 5, 1823 Austin officially established the Texian Militia:[4][2]"Since the commencement of this Colony no labor or expense has been spared on my part towards its organization, benefit and security—And I shall always be ready and willing to risk my health, my property or my life for the common advantage of those who have embarked with me in this enterprise.

As proof of the reality of this declaration I have determined to augment at my own private expense the company of men which was raised by order of the late Governor José Félix Trespalacios for the defense of the Colony against hostile Indians.

[1] Benjamin Edwards Martin Parmer Juan Antonio SaucedoStephen Austin Francisco Medina James W. Bullock