Thái Bình is a coastal eastern province in the Red River Delta region of northern Vietnam.

Thái Bình is the homeland of the most prolific and famous Vietnamese savant in the Middle Ages: Lê Quý Đôn.

The first Vietnamese to travel into outer space was the cosmonaut Phạm Tuân, a native of Thái Bình.

Two other natives of Thái Bình are the ones who finalized the two famous wars in Vietnam: Tạ Quốc Luật, who captured Christian de Castries and raised the victory flag in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu (the First Indochina War) and Bùi Quang Thận, who led a group of Northern tanks and entered the headquarters of South Vietnam's government to make president Dương Văn Minh unconditionally surrender (the second Indochina War).

Quách Tuấn Ngọc, a native of Đông Hưng, while a professor of computer science in Hanoi University of Technology, authored the first successfully commercial domestic software: BKED (Bach khoa Editor) – a system for processing Vietnamese text, in the 1980s.