The City That Never Sleeps (nickname)

Photographer Jacob Riis describes The Bowery as never sleeping in his 1898 book Out of Mulberry Street: Stories of Tenement Life in New York City.

A newspaper article in Indiana's Fort Wayne Daily (6 September 1912) first nicknamed New York City as a whole as "The city that never sleeps.".

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many 24-hour and late-night establishments began closing earlier.

[36] The people who make use of these facilities, studies have found, are nevertheless affected by sunrise and sunset.

[37][38] In other words: "that most humans aren’t as influenced by Earth’s light-dark cycle as we used to be" is not fully supported; there is an observed annual shift for "a stretch of three or four months" and "then, the process reversed direction".