The Constellation of Leo (Italian: La costellazione del leone) is a painting made by Carlo Maria Mariani in 1980–1981.

It is a group portrait of prominent people from Italy's art world at the time, including Mariani himself, and has the subtitle The School of Rome (Italian: La scuola di Roma).

Mariani is seated in the centre, wearing the Accademia di San Luca's cloak and holding a drawing of the Medusa Rondanini.

The other people are, from left to right, the artist Gino De Dominicis who sits facing away from the viewer, the critic and curator Achille Bonito Oliva in a red toga, an allegorical personification of Rome, the German art dealer Paul Maenz [de] in the hat from Goethe in the Roman Campagna, Mario Diacono behind Goethe's Good Fortune stone [de], the face of Jannis Kounellis on a mask worn by a putto, the art dealer Gian Enzo Sperone who reads a letter, Luigi Ontani as Ganymede who ascends with an eagle, the critic Italo Mussa together with a muse with a hermaphrodite at her feet, the artists Francesco Clemente and Sandro Chia, the collector Giorgio Franchetti [it], the artist Mario Merz with the Farnese Hercules' body and standing in a tub, and the American artist Cy Twombly on horseback and with an SPQR banner.

[3] There are visual references to contemporary artworks such as Giulio Paolini's sculpture Mimesi, Renaissance art and The Apotheosis of Homer by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres.

[2] Joan Casademont of Artforum wrote that The Constellation of Leo may contain private humour, but comes off as a serious work about "the timeless nature of creativity", and stands out among Mariani's paintings because of its "provocative strain of visual self-aggrandizement".