The collection began in 1968 at the instigation of the Scottish banking firm Robert Fleming & Co., founded in Dundee, Scotland.
In 1968 the bank moved to a new building in Corsby Square in the City of London and art began to be bought for the purpose of decorating the space.
Over 14 years the gallery displayed a revolving series of exhibitions based on works from the Collection along with loans in, acting as a showcase for Scottish art in London.
In June 2010, a second gallery was opened within the premises to allow for a changing exhibition programme showing emerging and established Scottish artists as well as works from the collection.
From the 18th and 19th centuries, artists include Allan Ramsay, Henry Raeburn, Jacob More, Sir David Wilkie, Scottish Impressionist William McTaggart and notable images of the Highland Clearances, Thomas Faed’s The Last of The Clan and John Watson Nicol's Lochaber No More.
The collection includes works by 20th-century artists including James Cowie, Stanley Cursiter, Anne Redpath, William Johnstone, William George Gillies, William Geissler, Wilhelmina Barns-Graham, Robert Colquhoun, Alan Davie, Joan Eardley, Craigie Aitchison, Elizabeth Blackadder, David McClure, John Byrne, Will Maclean, John Bellany, Alison Watt, Jock McFadyen.