[4] He then worked with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, as director of the liaison offices in Geneva and later New York.

He was appointed Deputy Prime Minister in 2008[3] by King Mswati III[5] and served in that position until 2013, when he became the regional administrator for the Shiselweni district.

[8] According to the Constitution of Eswatini, Themba Masuku was supposed to serve as Acting Prime Minister for a maximum period of three months.

[9] In June and July 2021, amidst police and army brutality, Masuku was criticized for his handling of the 2021 Eswatini Protests against the monarchy.

In a sibaya on 16 July 2021, King Mswati replaced Masuku with Cleopas Dlamini as the new prime minister.