The thirty-first government of Israel was formed by Ehud Olmert on 4 May 2006, following Kadima's victory in the March elections.

His coalition initially included Labor, Shas and Gil,[1] and held 67 of the 120 seats in the Knesset.

The 11-seat Yisrael Beiteinu joined the coalition in November 2006, but left on 16 January 2008 in protest at peace talks with the Palestinian National Authority.

2 Barak replaced Peretz when he defeated him in the party leadership election.

3 Pines-Paz resigned from the government in protest at the inclusion of Yisrael Beiteinu.