According to legend, Murugan slayed the demon Surapadman and married his consort Devasena at the temple.

In the main shrine, apart from Murugan, the deities Shiva, Vishnu, Vinayaka (Ganesha) and Durga are housed.

Thiruparamkundram finds mention in the Skanda Puranam detailing the slaying of Surapadman by the god Murugan.

According to Hindu legend, the demon king Surapadman once obtained boons, or favors, from the god Shiva due to severe penance.

[4] The Sangam-era work Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai[5] is a revered devotional poem that mentions six shrines dedicated to Lord Murugan, with the first being Thiruparankundram.

This poem holds immense significance, not only for devotees of Murugan, for whom it is regarded as the most ancient and foundational text, but also for all Saivites.

A separate rock-cut cave temple dedicated to Lord Shiva exists nearby at the foot of the hill, dating to 7th or 8th century CE.

[10] As of 2021, the temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu.

[13][14] An Aasthaana Mandapa with several artistically carved pillars lead one to the towering 150 feet (46 m) high seven-tiered rajagopuram at the entrance.

The main shrine is an early rock-cut temple that has cells that house the sanctums of Murugan, Durga, Vinayaka, Shiva and Vishnu.

In front of the Dwajasthambam, the flag staff, there is a carved Nandi (bull), Mayil (peacock) and mouse, the vahanas (vehicles) of Shiva, Murugan and Vinayaka.

The rock carvings of Mahisshasura Mardini (Durga), Karpaga Vinayagar (Ganesha), Andarabaranar and Uggirar are seen in the hall.

There are five water bodies, namely, Saravana Poigai, Lakshmi Theertham, Saniyasi Kinaru (well), Kasi Sunai, and Sathiya Koopam.

[10] The 7th-century Shaiva saint Sambandar visited Thirupparamkunram and praised the Shiva icon of the temple Uchinathar in ten verses in Tevaram, compiled as the First Tirumurai.

The temple rituals are performed three times a day; Kalasanthi at 8:00 a.m., Uchikalam at 12:00 a.m. and Sayarakshai at 6:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps: abhisheka (sacred bath), alangaram (decoration), naivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) for Uchinathar (Shiva) and Uchinayagi (Parvati).