Thomas Östros (born 26 January 1965) is a Swedish economist and Social Democratic politician who has been serving as vice president of the European Investment Bank (EIB) since 2020.

Earlier in his career, he held positions as CEO of the Swedish Bankers' Association and Executive Director for Northern Europe at the International Monetary Fund.

In 2004 he switched posts with Leif Pagrotsky and became Minister for Enterprise and Energy, a position he held on to until the Social Democratic defeat at the general elections of 2006.

[11] In January 2020, Östros was appointed vice-president of the European Investment Bank (EIB), under the leadership of Werner Hoyer; he succeeded Alexander Stubb.

[12] In 2023, the government of Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson nominated him as Sweden's candidate to succeed Hoyer as president of the EIB;[13] however, the position ultimately went to Nadia Calviño.