Thomas Charlton (1417?–1465) was an English politician who served as speaker for House of Commons of England in 1454.
By 1441, Thomas Jr. had entered Henry VI's household as one of the esquires of the hall and chamber.
In 1453 he once again sat in parliament for Middlesex, when Richard, Duke of York made his claim to the throne during Henry VI's illness.
The speaker for the House of Commons, Thomas Thorpe, was arrested on York's orders and on 16 February 1454.
As Comptroller, he accompanied Henry VI to the second battle of St. Albans in 1461, where he was taken as prisoner, regaining his freedom after Edward IV's victory at Towton in the following month.