Thomas Lowry Bailey (January 6, 1888 – November 2, 1946) was an American politician from the state of Mississippi.

He was born in Webster County, Mississippi and graduated from Millsaps College.

Bailey was elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives as a Democratic candidate in 1915 and served from 1916 to 1940.

During his term a four-year medical school at the University of Mississippi was initiated.

He was succeeded by Lieutenant Governor Fielding L. Wright.