Thomas Sewall Adams (December 29, 1873 – February 8, 1933) was an American economist who was Professor of Political Economy at Yale University.

He served in that capacity for one year, before joining the faculty of University of Wisconsin–Madison as an associate professor of political economy in 1901.

In 1916, he was appointed to the faculty of Yale University, where he served as a professor until his death in 1933.

An economic adviser to the U. S. Treasury (1917–1933), he is credited with much of the taxation policy of the World War I and post-war period.

[4] Adams authored many books on economics and taxation policy, including