He completed a carpenter's apprenticeship in Aarhus in 1885 and then moved to Copenhagen where he was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts the same year, where he was taught by Hans Jørgen Holm, Martin Nyrop, Ferdinand Meldahl and Albert Jensen.

He graduated in 1889, won the Academy's large gold medal in 1893 for A church with rectory, and then worked for Hans Jørgen Holm on the Overformynderiet institution building in Copenhagen from 1892 to 1893.

Construction started the next year but before the building was completed in 1928 after a prolonged and difficult political process, the design had changed considerable from Jørgensen's original winning proposal.

With influence from his teachers from the Academy, Holm and Nyrop, Jørgen belonged to the Herholdt-Holmske group of Danish Historicist architects which relied on Medieval Danish architecture for inspiration, rather than Ferdinand Meldahl's more internationally inclined followers.

[4] Later he turned to Neo-Baroque (Christiansborg Palace) and Neoclassicism (Gentofte Town Hall).