North Tyrol shares its borders with the federal states Salzburg in the east and Vorarlberg in the west.

The highest mountain in the federal state is the Großglockner, part of the Hohe Tauern range on the border with Carinthia.

In ancient times, the region was split between the Roman provinces of Raetia (west of the Inn River) and Noricum.

[citation needed] In the Early Middle Ages it formed the southern part of the German stem duchy of Bavaria, until the Counts of Tyrol, former Vogt officials of the Trent and Brixen prince-bishops at Tyrol Castle, achieved imperial immediacy after the deposition of the Bavarian duke Henry the Proud in 1138, and their possessions formed a state of the Holy Roman Empire in its own right.

The last Tyrolean countess of the Meinhardiner Dynasty, Margaret, bequeathed her assets to the Habsburg duke Rudolph IV of Austria in 1363.

Later, South Tyrol was ceded to the Kingdom of Italy, a client state of the First French Empire, by Bavaria in 1810.

After World War I, these lands became part of the Kingdom of Italy according to the 1915 London Pact and the provisions of the Treaty of Saint Germain.

Maier and his group informed the American secret service OSS very early on about the mass murder of Jews in Auschwitz.

The 15 largest towns in Tyrol are: The historical population is given in the following chart: The federal state's gross domestic product (GDP) was 34.6 billion euro in 2018, accounting for 9% of Austria's economic output.

[8] Tyrol has long been a central hub for European long-distance routes and thus a transit land for trans-European trade over the Alps.

Many public transit companies operate a common tariff scheme as part of the Tyrol Transport Association.

The districts and their administrative centres, from west to east and north to south, are: The traditional form of mural art known as Lüftlmalerei is typical of Tyrolean villages and towns.

The results of this study underline the assumption of a highly developed sense of national identity in most Austrian provinces.