[5] In 1932, the city was renamed to Turtkul (from Turkish törtkül meaning square[6]) and between 1932 and 1939 was the capital of the newly formed autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan.

The city was located near the major Amu Darya River, which is known for having significantly altered its flow path several times in its history.

In 1932, the Amu Darya once more changed direction and flooded Turtkul.

This and past damage by the Amu Darya prompted the authorities to move the capital of Karakalpakstan over 170 km to Nukus in 1939.

However, in 1942, the river suddenly flowed towards Turtkul, destroying it overnight.