Tolibbek Ayyombekov (Tajiki: Толиббек Айёмбеков, Perso-Arabic script: طالب‌بیک ایام‌بیک‌اف; born 6 July 1966 in Khorog), commonly known as Tolib Ayombekov (Tajiki: Толиб Аёмбеков, Perso-Arabic script: طالب ایام‌بیک‌اف), is an Ismaili Shia Pamiri jailed ex-opposition fighter from Tajikistan, who was involved in the Gorno-Badakhshan clashes in 2012 against the government forces of ruling Tajik president Emomali Rahmon.

[4] As part of the subsequent 1997 peace deal between the opposing sides, Ayombekov was first appointed commander of police battalion in Khorog and later, in 2008, made head of the Ishkashim border detachment, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel.

After Major-General Abdullo Nazarov, the head of the Tajik intelligence agency "GKNB" in the local semi-autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan, was dragged out of his car,[5][6] and was fatally stabbed in an incident in Ishkoshim,[7][8] heavy fighting erupted on 24 July 2012 between government forces and militants loyal to Ayombekov in the streets of Khorog.

[9][10] The clashes ended when, on request of Ismaili Imam Karim Agha Khan, he surrendered himself to the Tajik government, in exchange for their withdrawal from Khorog.

[12] In the aftermath of the clashes, Tolib Ayombekov, together with other informal leaders including Muhammadboqir Muhammadboqirov and Yodgorshoh Muhammadaslamov, was entered into ICPO-INTERPOL's database of wanted persons, at the request of the Tajik government.