Tomás de Morla

Tomás Bruno de Morla Pacheco (9 July 1747 – 6 December 1812) was a Spanish Army commander.

[1] In 1780, during the American Revolutionary War, as a lieutenant of artillery, Morla took part in the Great Siege of Gibraltar, where he was wounded.

[3] The following month he led forces from Cadiz at the battle of Balien, when the Spanish army defeated a French advance into Andalusia.

However, with Napoleon rapidly approaching with a large force, the Marquis abandoned the city, taking some five thousand troops and sixteen cannon with him to join General Heredia[4] and retreat to Talavera de la Reina.

His most notable works were published in 1800 as El arte de fabricar pólvora, a compendium of all aspects of artillery, logistics, tactics, the manufacture and use of gunpowder, which became a textbook at the Segovia Academy.