[2] After being linked a move away from the club, Vilhena signed his first professional contract with Feyenoord, starting 1 July 2011.

[7] Vilhena made his debut for the Rotterdam-based club on 22 January 2012 versus VVV Venlo, coming on as an 82nd-minute substitute, losing 2–1.

[9] After the match, Manager Ronald Koeman praised his performance, saying: "If you play so sovereignly, show so much daring and keep it physically ninety minutes long as B-junior then that is very good.

[12] At the start of the 2012–13 season, Vilhena made his UEFA Champions League debut, coming on as a 71st-minute substitute, in a 2–1 loss against Dynamo Kyiv in the first leg of the UEFA Champions League third round and was ultimately eliminated from tournament following a 1–0 loss in the second leg.

[14] Vilhena scored his first goal for Feyenoord in the Eredivisie on 25 November 2012 against AZ Alkmaar, a game that finished 2–0.

[17] In the quarter–finals of the KNVB Cup against SC Heerenveen, he came on as an 85th-minute substitute and successfully converted his penalty to help the club win 7–6 in a shootout following a 2–2 draw.

[18] On 3 February 2013, in Feyenoord's 3–1 win against Willem II, Vilhena became the youngest player for the club to ever score at least two goals in a single Eredivisie-match.

[21] At the end of the 2012–13 season, Vilhena made thirty–one appearances and scored four times in all competitions, having helped the club finish in third place.

[22] At the start of the 2013–14 season, Vilhena played in both legs of the UEFA Europa League Qualification Round against Kuban Krasnodar, losing 3–1 on aggregate.

[23] He then contributed two assists in two consecutive matches against Roda JC and NEC Nijmegen before scoring his first goal of the season, in a 1–0 win against FC Utrecht on 22 September 2013.

[24] Since the start of the 2013–14 season, Vilhena continued to be a first team regular for Manager Koeman despite facing threats from Otman Bakkal.

[26] Vilhena later scored four more goals later in the season, including a brace against SC Cambuur, in a win that secured the club a Champions League qualifying spot.

[29] However, he found his first team opportunities limited due to poor performance and was placed on the substitute bench.

[36] Over the summer transfer window, Vilhena continued to be linked a move away from Feyenoord, as Sampdoria wanted to sign him but he stayed at the club.

[39] By December, Vilhena soon found his way back to the first team plan under the management of Giovanni van Bronckhorst.

[48] Since the start of the 2016–17 season, Vilhena continued to regain his first team place, playing in the midfield positions.

[49] It wasn't until on 15 September 2016 when he scored his second goal of the season, in a 1–0 win against Manchester United in the UEFA Europa League match.

[84] Since making his debut for FC Krasnodar, he quickly became a first team regular for the side, playing in the midfield position.

[86] After serving a one match ban due to picking up five yellow cards, he returned to the starting line–up against Arsenal Tula on 29 September 2019, only to be sent–off in the last minute, in a 2–0 win.

[94] Despite the season was suspended because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Vilhena made thirty appearances and scoring four times in all competitions at FC Krasnodar.

On 17 January 2022, Krasnodar announced that Vilhena joined Spanish club Espanyol on loan until the end of the season, with an option to buy.

[95] On 12 July 2022, Krasnodar announced that option to buy was activated and Vilhena's rights transferred to Espanyol.

[98] He was placed as captain on his Netherlands U15 debut against Turkey U15 on 8 December 2009 and scored his first goal for the U15 side, winning 4–1.

[108] He won the 2011 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship with the Netherlands U-17 team and was also the tournament's joint top scorer with 3 goals.

[114] Following the conclusion of the UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship, he made twenty–four appearances and scoring eight times in the tournament.

[123] Vilhena made his last appearance for the U21 side on 2 September 2016 against Belarus U21, setting up the equalising goal to finish a 2–2 draw.

[125] On 6 March 2013, Vilhena was called up for the preliminary squad of the Netherlands national team for the first time, only aged 18.

[127] Willem van Hanegem stated that it would be disappointing if Vilhena and Jean-Paul Boëtius were not included in the Netherlands squad for the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, which he successfully predicted.

[129] Vilhena made his Netherlands senior team debut on 4 June 2016, coming on as a 79th-minute substitute, in a 2–0 win against Austria.

[131] Vilhena then made three more starts later in the year, as the Netherlands failed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup in Russia.