Toronto Area Control Center (ICAO: CZYZ) is one of seven area control centers in Canada operated by Nav Canada.
[1] To the east are the air traffic control centres of Montreal and Boston; to the south are the Minneapolis, Cleveland (which covers the extreme southwestern area of Ontario), and New York air traffic control centres; to the west is the Winnipeg control centre.
The Toronto ACC assumes control of the following classes of airports: Class C (Controlled, IFR/IFR, IFR/VFR and VFR/VFR separation, VFR: Mode C and ATC clearance required) Class D (Controlled, IFR/IFR and IFR/VFR separation, VFR: 2-way communication required) Class E (Controlled, only IFR/IFR spacing) This FIR contains several Class G aerodromes that are in uncontrolled airspace and clearances are required to enter or leave controlled airspace.
Airports under these classes include: Within each FIR, there are transmitter sites that allow the relay of distant communication from aircraft back to the ACC.
These links are called a peripheral station[2] (PAL).