Rooks County was established with four townships: Bow Creek, Lowell, Paradise and Stockton.

[6] Buros Creek flows through the northern part of Township 1 into South Fork Solomon River.

Medicine Creek flows through the southern part of Township 1 into South Fork Solomon River.

The township was named for a petrified tree trunk found by an early settler, H. C. Olds.

Lowell originally included territory that would become Ash Rock, Medicine and parts of Greenfield, Iowa and Lanark townships.