[1] Located in a strategically important region, Trabzon is one of the oldest trade port cities in Anatolia.

Neighbouring provinces are Giresun to the west, Gümüşhane to the southwest, Bayburt to the southeast and Rize to the east.

[4]Districts inland: Tonya, Düzköy, Şalpazarı, Maçka, Köprübaşı, Dernekpazarı, Hayrat and Çaykara.

The province was restored to Turkish control in early 1918 following Russia's exit from World War I with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

The third UM span over the provinces of Erzurum, Artvin, Rize, Trabzon, Kars, Gümüşhane, Erzincan and Ağrı.

[12] In April 2021, archaeologists announced the discovery of Roman and Byzantine period archeological remains in the Ortahisar district.