The military district formed as a basis of the modern day armed forces of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia as well as unrecognized polities of Abkhazia, the Republic of Artsakh and South Ossetia.

The Georgian, Armenian, and Azerbaijani national formations, plus units from the 11th Soviet Red Army, all joined the new district about this time.

District headquarters was subordinated to the front's military council and directed the formation of new units.

Lieutenant General Mikhail Ozimin became Tbilisi Military District commander in April 1946.

In February 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin sent General Boris Gromov, First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces, and Admiral Vladimir Chernavin, Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, to negotiate military issues with Azerbaijan.

As a result, Azerbaijan received a helicopter squadron, the Baku Combined Arms Command School, and a large part of the Rear Services (combat service support) units of the Fourth Army.

[28] After many of the divisions listed above had disbanded[29] or become part of the former republics' armed forces, in the mid 1990s the GRVZ's dispositions were: General Major Aleksander Studenikin, former deputy commander of the Moscow Military District's 20th Army, commanded the Group in 2004 with General (Major?)

[31] The Russian presence at Vaziani was withdrawn in the late 1990s and an agreement over the withdrawal of the 12th and 62nd Bases by 2007–08 was made in 2005.

The 'Zvezda' command post (probably the former District war headquarters) in the town of Mtskheta, just north of Tbilisi, was handed over by early September 2005.

[34] Due to the espionage conflict between Russia and Georgia, the Transcaucasus Group of Forces headquarters in Tbilisi was closed down ahead of schedule.

Even after the GRVZ was totally withdrawn, Russian troops continue to remain in peacekeeping roles in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de jure parts of Georgia.

There are about 1,600 men on the Abkhazian-Georgian boundary (serving alongside UNOMIG) and a battalion in South Ossetia.

According to the Russian authorities, the Gudauta military base is also now used by the peacekeeping forces, but no international monitoring has ever been allowed there.