The TBS assists the Treasury Board, which functions as the government's management committee by overseeing the operations of the federal government as a whole and serving as the principal employer of the core public administration.

The TBS is also responsible for supporting the Treasury Board in its comptrollership role, providing oversight of the financial management functions in departments and agencies.

In May 2024, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that Bill Matthews was to become Secretary of the Treasury Board.

[3] The GC 2.0 Program Office in the CIO Branch of Treasury Board Secretariat is responsible for maintaining GCpedia, the Government of Canada internal wiki.

[4] The Treasury Board Secretariat is responsible for issuing direction and guidance to government institutions with respect to the administration of the Access to Information Act and interpretation of this policy.