Treaty of Elbing

Earlier in 1659, in the Concert of The Hague, England, France, and the Dutch Republic had agreed to include the treaty of Elbing in their common agenda regarding the Second Northern War.

During the Second Northern War, Charles X Gustav of Sweden aimed at establishing a Swedish dominion in Royal Prussia, part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and subdued most of the province in a campaign of December 1655.

[1] The Dutch Republic heavily relied on grain imports from the Baltic Sea region, much of it was bought from Royal Prussia's chief city Danzig (Gdansk).

[2] De Witt favoured a more moderate approach, fearing follow-up declarations of war on the Dutch Republic by England and France.

[10] Sweden further promised to respect Danzig's neutrality in the Second Northern War,[11] and granted the Dutch Republic the status of a "most favoured nation.

[15] The agreement was endangered when after the abdication of Richard Cromwell, Downing was instructed to remove the passages regarding Elbing, yet in May 1659 the new English government approved the original draft.