Treviño enclave dispute

[5] According to a Burgos newspaper, in a legal sense there is no territorial dispute, since Treviño's status as part of Castile and León is long established.

[2] The Basque territories clung on to home rule (fueros) up to the end of the Third Carlist War, with their separate taxation system.

[16][17] In contrast, all political groupings in Burgos have defended the enclave remaining part of their territory, on both legal and historic grounds.

[18] In 1979, deputies (congressmen) Xabier Arzalluz of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) and José María Bandrés of Euskadiko Ezkerra, affirmed that Article 8 of the then-new Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country was intended to integrate Treviño into Álava and the similar exclave of Villaverde de Trucíos (Cantabria) into Biscay.

Burgos was quick to react by sealing in their later Statute of Autonomy (1983)[clarification needed] any possibility of a smooth integration of Treviño into Álava by means of provisions that actually clash with the avenues established in the Basque Statute of Autonomy (1978), since it requires the consent of the authorities of the province of Burgos and the autonomous community of Castile and León before Treviño can join Álava.

[20] (The Statutes of Autonomy in Spain were approved as Organic Law by the Cortes Generales[21]) The 2011 local elections in the two Treviño municipalities resulted in a majority of seats for parties in favour of joining Álava and a formal request for this to take place.

[26] In April 2018, after 23 years of dire dispute on the provision of services to the enclave's population, the authorities of Burgos and Álava reached a large-scale agreement in this respect.

[27] As of June 2019, two Basque parties, PNV and EH Bildu, rule in the two municipalities making up the enclave following electoral victories, with a key point in their agenda to incorporate Treviño into Álava.