In the Roman period, the residential nucleus developed considerably; given the proximity to Bergamo, it is assumed that those settlements were military outposts for the city.

Those entrusted to the Bishop of Bergamo territories of Treviolo already in the 12th century,[clarification needed] but their proximity to the capital made them particularly vulnerable areas for the Guelph and Ghibelline factions, which sought to take control.

The fighting reached its climax in 1405, when Treviolo was subjected to a violent attack perpetrated by the Colleoni, a Guelph family of Trezzo, which destroyed buildings and killed many inhabitants sided with the enemy faction.

The situation returned to normal only at the beginning of the 15th century, when the Republic of Venice, thanks to a series of targeted interventions, managed to restore a balance by putting an end to the social struggles and lifting the economy, promoting agricultural development.

On 6 January, every year, in the fraction of Roncola at parco Callioni, is held the "Maratona sul Brembo", regular race of FIDAL.