The Didymocarpoideae are a subfamily of plants in the family Gesneriaceae.

This subfamily consists mostly of tropical and subtropical Old World genera, found in Africa, Asia and the Pacific.

One species (Rhynchoglossum azureum) is native to Central and South America.

Didymocarpoideae seedlings usually have cotyledons which become different in size and shape (anisocotylous).

[2] The species of the subfamily Didymocarpoideae are native to Europe, Africa, Asia, Malesia, the Pacific and Australia, except for a single species, Rhynchoglossum azureum, which is native to the Neotropics (Central and South America).