It has approximately 10,000 men and women organized into a Regiment Headquarters (located in Port of Spain) and four battalions.

The regiment has two primary roles: maintaining the internal security of Trinidad and Tobago, and the assistance of local law enforcement.

As one of the largest military forces in the region, the Trinidad and Tobago Regiment is also one of the main units used in peacekeeping and humanitarian situations from the Caribbean region, most recently in Grenada after Hurricane Ivan.

The Trinidad and Tobago Regiment has its origins the late 19th century, though it was directly spawned from the break-up of the Federation of the West Indies in 1962.

Although it is called the Trinidad & Tobago Regiment, the unit is in fact structured more like a light infantry brigade, with a pair of infantry battalions, plus engineering and logistic support units as well as a Headquarter and Special Forces Detachments: The Regiment maintains a base at Camp Omega, also at Chaguaramas, used primarily for specialised training.