The House of Trubetskoy, (Russian: Трубецкие, romanized: Trubetskiye; Belarusian: Трубяцкі, romanized: Trubiacki; Polish: Trubecki; Ruthenian: Trubetsky; Ukrainian: Трубецький, romanized: Trubets'kyy; French: Troubetzkoy; Croatian: Trubic; Estonian: Trubetski; German: Trubezkoi; Swedish: Trubetskoj) is a Russian gentry family of Ruthenian stock and Lithuanian origin, like many other princely houses of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later prominent in Russian history, science, and arts.

Princes Troubetzkoy descend from Demetrius I Starshy, one of Algirdas's sons, who ruled the towns of Bryansk and Starodub.

Demetrius's descendants continued to rule the town of Trubetsk (Troubchevsk) until the 1530s, when they had to convert to Roman Catholicism or leave their patrimony and settle in Moscow.

They chose the latter, and were accepted with great ceremony at the court of Vasili III of Russia.

[1] The Time of Troubles over, Dmitry was addressed by people as "Liberator of the Motherland" and asked to accept the Tsar's throne.