Tsitongambarika is a 58,597 ha protected area of lowland forest in the Anosy region of southeast of Madagascar, to the north of Fort-Dauphin.

[1] The forest is in the south of the island of Madagascar, within the Tsitongambarika massif, which consists of a series of ridges aligned from south-west to north-east.

[3] The area supports a large number of endemic, rare, and threatened species, and many of the amphibians and reptiles found at the site are likely to be new to science.

[5] The brown mesite (Mesitornis unicolor) is a ground-dwelling bird of undisturbed primary, evergreen, humid forest and its population is thought to be declining rapidly.

[8][9] Other key species include Madagascar blue-pigeon (Alectroenas madagascariensis), Madagascar wood-rail (Mentocrex kioloides), nelicourvi weaver (Ploceus nelicourvi), nuthatch vanga (Hypositta corallirostris), red-fronted coua (Coua reynaudii), scaly ground-roller (Geobiastes squamiger), spectacled tetraka (Bernieria zosterop) and white-throated oxylabes (Oxylabes madagascariensis).

[3][5] The forest provides numerous other ecosystem goods and services that ensure the economic and cultural well-being of the surrounding population, including firewood, charcoal, construction materials, bushmeat and medicinal plants.

Further forest clearance and degradation comes from poorly controlled fires, often set to clear cattle pasture, and timber harvesting.