Tudur ap Gruffudd

[2][3][4][5] As a commander and leader of the army, he joined the rebellion led by his brother Owain Glyndŵr, fighting with him, his nephews and extended family such as the Tudors of Penmynydd, Sir Edmund Mortimer of the House of Mortimer, and Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy of the House of Percy, for the independence of Wales and the conquest of England.

[6] He later suffered a colossal defeat at the Battle of Pwll Melyn in Wales, and was killed, while his nephew would be captured and sent to the Tower of London, where he would become a prisoner with the young King James I of Scotland.

Having lost the war but being spared, Maredudd's son, Sir Owen, fled Wales to establish himself in England, and anglicized his name from Tudur to Tudor.

Having married the previous wife of King Henry V of England, against whom his family and cousins were fighting during the rebellions, such as Tudur and Owain, he ended up becoming the stepfather of his son, King Henry VI of England, of the House of Lancaster, while his own sons, Jasper Tudor and Edmund Tudor, ended up being his half-brothers.

Eleanor, on her side, was the granddaughter of King John of England of the Royal House of Plantagenet, and of his wife, Queen Isabelle of Angouleme, the granddaughter of King Louis VI of France of the Royal House of France, and niece of Peter of Courtenay, Emperor of Constantinople.

Tudur was also recorded to be present as a witness, under the name Tudor de Glendore, along with his brother Owain Glyndŵr, Prince John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and many others, at the Scrope v Grosvenor trial of 1389, a High Court of Chivalry case that was presided by the Constable of England, Prince Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester.

[17][18] In terms of legacy, despite having lost the war of independence of Wales, the Glyndŵr rebellion gave rise to the royal House of Tudor, the first Welsh kings of England.