It was formed a second time by the directive of the Commander-in-Chief on August 11, 1919 on the territory of Samara, Astrakhan, Orenburg Province and Ural region by renaming the Southern group of armies from the Eastern Front of the RSFSR.
Until mid-October 1919, the Turkestan Front fought against the Ural Cossack Army of General Vladimir Tolstov and the Army of Anton Denikin in the lower Volga and the Ural River.
In 1921–1926, the troops of the Turkestan Front fought against the Basmachi movement in the Fergana Valley, Eastern Bukhara and Khiva.
On October 12, 1922, the commander of the Turkestan Front ordered the formation of the 13th Rifle Corps from troops located on the territory of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic and Samarkand region.
After the suppression of the Basmachi Movement in June 1926, the Turkestan Front was transformed into the Central Asian Military District.