The Turkestanian salamander (Hynobius turkestanicus) is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae[1] only once found in 1909 (4 animals)[2] in Central Asia somewhere "in Turkestan between Samarkand and Pamir" which can be in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan or Kyrgyzstan.

None remain in captivity.

The Turkestanian salamander is currently on the list of the 10 Most Wanted Amphibians, a rediscovery effort launched by Conservation International.

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