The twenty-ninth government of Israel was formed by Ariel Sharon on 7 March 2001, following his victory over Ehud Barak in the special election for Prime Minister in February.

[1] Despite his large margin of victory in the election, because there had been no Knesset elections, Sharon's Likud was not the largest party in the Knesset, resulting in the formation of a national unity coalition that at some point included Labor–Meimad (the largest faction in the Knesset), Shas, the Centre Party, the National Religious Party, United Torah Judaism, Yisrael BaAliyah, the National Union-Yisrael Beiteinu, the New Way and Gesher.

[3] Sharon formed a center-right coalition government that was not dependent on the ultra-Orthodox parties.

Ehud Barak Labor Ariel Sharon Likud 1 The Shas ministers resigned between 20 and 23 May 2002, but returned to office on 3 June.

With the exception of the Jerusalem Affairs portfolio, during their absence, Ariel Sharon took over their positions.