In 1902 he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow in the painting studios of Józef Mehoffer and Leon Wyczółkowski.
Czyżewski painting style was highly influenced by Cézanne and El Greco, whose work he admired until his death.
In 1917, with the brothers Zbigniew and Andrzej Pronaszko, he organized in Kraków an exhibition of Polish Expressionist works.
Until the break-up of the Formists in 1922, he was the primary artist and theoretician behind the movement as well as the joint editor of the periodical Formiści.
He was also co-founder of the Polish Futurist clubs, and published Futurist-inspired "visual poetry."