Rehoboth retransited the Panama Canal on 18 August 1945, and after calls at San Diego and Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, she arrived off Okinawa on 2 October 1945.

Rehoboth continued to serve in Japanese waters until August 1946 when she returned briefly to the Chinese coast, then operated off Australia and in the Philippines.

In February 1952, while crossing the Atlantic, Rehoboth discovered and accurately positioned an underwater mountain range with heights up to 12,000 feet (3,700 m) above the ocean floor.

Transiting the Panama Canal on 22 February 1956, she was diverted to an area northwest of the Galapagos Islands to search for the raft Cantuta, which she found after four days.

On 9 March 1956 Rehoboth reached San Francisco, California, and for the next year operated off the United States West Coast.

In August 1963, Rehoboth sailed from Adak, Alaska for a three-month oceanographic survey of the North Pacific off both coasts of the Kamchatka peninsula.

On August 21, 1963, while undertaking deep-sea oceanographic operations (and therefore unable to get underway), Rehoboth inadvertently drifted into (or was overtaken by) a Soviet naval exercise.

In November 1963, after a port call in Yokosuka Japan, Rehoboth paid a three-day good-will visit to the city of Nakhodka in the Soviet Union.

After completing survey operations in the South China Sea in February 1966, Rehoboth sailed east, arriving at San Francisco on 23 March 1966.

She undertook survey operations in the Philippine Sea until August 1968, returning to San Francisco on 26 September 1968, where she remained for the balance of the year.