From the Bodo words ordla and gundri, the name became Ordlagundri > Ordlagundi > Odalguri > Ugalguri.

[2] In older times, Udalguri acted as a trading point between Assam and Tsona city in Tibet (now China).

The Monpas of Tibet would visit Tangla and Udalguri to acquire silk known as Alaine from the Bodos and Ravas.

[4] According to Bhutanese chronicles, the region till the east in Killing Duars fell under the authority of the Bhutias in 1189.

[5] From the early 17th-century present-day Udalguri district was governed jointly by the Druk Desi (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་སྡེ་སྲིད་) of Bhutan and the Sutamla of the Ahom kingdom.

[7] In 1841, the British East company removed the Bhutanese influence and the area was later merged to undivided Darrang district of Assam of the Indian Union in 1949.

Late Jojaram Sharma was one of the prominent India freedom fighters from Assam lived here.

Other towns include Tangla, Rowta, Mazbat, Kalaigaon, Paneri, Khairabari and Bhergaon.

In 1990, Udalguri district became home to Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 26.22 km2 (10.1 sq mi).

Birds like Bengal Florican, Black-necked Stork, Greater Adjudant Stork, Pallas's Fishing Eagle and Reptiles such as King Cobra, Python, Paradise Flying Snake,[21] Lessemys Punctate, etc.

These two sub-divisions are further divided into 5 revenue circles: Udalguri, Majbat, Harisinga, Kalaigaon, Khoirabari.