The township's name is taken from a gothic novel titled The Mysteries of Udolpho by the English author Ann Radcliffe.

[3] According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.0 square miles (93.3 km2), all land.

The racial makeup of the township was 98.25% White, 0.87% African American, 0.87% from other races.

Corning is a small unincorporated area on the southern border with Lansing Township.

Madison is a former village (now just a farm field) off U.S. Route 218 that once had a hotel, store, livery, post office and a sawmill.