Ukrposhta operated within the Soviet Ministry of Telecommunications (Administration of Postal Communication, Russian: Управление почтовой связи) as its republican branch on territory of the Ukrainian SSR and was centered in Moscow.

As part of the Gorbachev reforms (perestroika and decentralization, see Union of Sovereign States), in 1991, Ukrtelecom was created in Soviet Ukraine which took over administration of all means of communication such as postal and signal.

[7] In July 2023, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) reallocated part of a previously allocated loan to enhance the operational resilience of "Ukrposhta."

[8][9] In April 2024, it was reported that Ukrposhta is selling 531 units of outdated transport — cars, trucks, trailers, semi-trailers, tractors — on the ProZorro platform.

[11] 'In 2016 Ukrposhta revealed company overview and statistics of 2015: The events of 2014 narrowed the scope of the company's geographical activities: in April of 2014, Ukrposhta ceased operations in the Crimea and Sevastopol, and in December left the territories of the unrecognized DPR and LPR.