Private road

Such highways typically are toll roads whose upkeep is paid for with user fees,[1] for example, the Dulles Greenway in Virginia, United States.

They are referred to as unadopted roads because they have not gone through the statutory process of adoption, for example under Highways Act 1980 s37 or s38.

In fact, only one per cent of the road transports are made on the half of the roads that do not receive government subsidies for their maintenance, with the bulk not receiving subsidies being built and maintained by the forestry industry as needed and most often closed to the public.

These form a private road association to maintain it and get subsidies from the government to keep it open to the rest of the public.

Even after factoring in the unpaid work of the members of the association, the cost of operation and maintenance is often considerably less than a comparable public road.

[5] In the Czech Republic and Slovakia, all roads of higher categories are public by law.