By 1860, the town had grown enough to support educational facilities for both boys and girls.

In 1897, the Uniontown Cotton Oil Company was established in the town, one of the first facilities of its kind in the state and one of the first industrial businesses in Perry County; it manufactured cotton seed oil and cottonseed meal.

Less than two decades later, however, Uniontown began to lose population as more people abandoned plantations, largely because of the boll weevil's ruinous effect on the cotton crop.

The town remains largely dependent on agricultural activities, including livestock farming, in the surrounding area.

The racial makeup of the city was 90.6% Black or African American and 9.1% White.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,107 people, 704 households, and 319 families residing in the town.

Uniontown is known for their eleven state high school basketball championships.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.