The main focus of the university's activities is on auroral light research, space science, fishery science, biotechnology, linguistics, multicultural societies, Saami culture, telemedicine, epidemiology and a wide spectrum of Arctic research projects.
The university researchers work within a broad range of subjects and are recognised both nationally and internationally.
In October 2022 a guest researcher at UiT was arrested by the Norwegian Police Security Service and charged with espionage against Norway.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov received an honorary doctorate at the University of Tromsø in 2011 for having secured an agreement on the dividing line in the Barents Sea but lost his status after 28 February 2022 due to a board decision related to his co-responsibility for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
In Norse mythology, Hugin and Munin travel the world for Odin, bringing him news and information.