There, they came into conflict with the Portuguese colonial authorities, and some of their number decided to return to the Transvaal, while others migrated further south.

[1] In 1885, William Worthington Jordan bought a tract (fifty thousand square kilometers) of land from the Ovambo chief Kambonde for three hundred pounds, paid as twenty-five firearms, one salted horse, and a cask of brandy.

[2] This land stretched almost 170 kilometres (110 mi) from Okaukuejo in the west to Fischer's Pan in the east.

[4] In 1886, under the influence of the Boers returning to the Transvaal from southern Angola, the name was changed from Upingtonia to Lijdensrust or Lydensrust.

The short-lived republic's capital was Grootfontein, and its head of state was President George Diederik P. Prinsloo.