Upper Heyford is a village and civil parish about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Bicester in Oxfordshire, England.

Chilgrove Drive, a continuation of Aves ditch, forms part of the parish's eastern boundary.

The Domesday Book of 1086 records the village as Haiford, with a manor of 10 hides that was one of the many estates of the Norman baron Robert D'Oyly.

Warin died in 1296 but his son Robert eventually won seisin of Heyford Warren in 1310, except for two and a half virgates that were awarded to de Courtenay.

In 1380 his great-grandson, also Robert de Lisle, sold the manor along with some land at Barford St. Michael for £1,000 to William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester, who made them part of his endowment for the foundation of New College, Oxford.

[4] The building has similarities with tithe barns at Swalcliffe[4] and Adderbury,[2] both of which were also built for New College early in the 15th century.

The church may have been rebuilt in the latter part of the 15th century, but only the Perpendicular Gothic west tower survives from that time.

Major repairs to the roof and south aisle were made in 1668 and 1769, but by the 1860s the nave and chancel were in a poor condition again.

Bury preserved only a handful of features from the Mediæval church: a Perpendicular Gothic window in the north wall of the chancel, a piscina, a tomb recess and a 14th-century effigy of a priest.

[2] In 1919 or 1920 a new parish cemetery was opened immediately northeast of St Mary's churchyard, on the opposite side of Church Walk.

In 1787 the Oxford Canal was extended south from Banbury down the Cherwell valley as far as Northbrook near Kirtlington.

It passes through the northwest corner of Upper Heyford parish, crossing both the River Cherwell and the Oxford Canal.

Numerous Cold War relics remain including disused bunkers, water towers, huts and fences.

In May 1954 a Boeing B-47 Stratojet of the 22nd Bombardment Group crashed in a field about 300 yards (270 m) northwest of the Oxford – Banbury railway line and burst into flames.

The aircraft was not carrying bombs, but rounds from its two .50-calibre M2 Browning machine guns exploded in the fire and continued to do so for several hours.

[15] On 17 September 1992 a General Dynamics F-111E of the 55th Fighter Squadron suffered an hydraulic failure on a routine training flight.

But pilot Jerry Lindh and navigator/weapons systems officer David "Mike" McGuire feared the aircraft could hit either Upper Heyford village or its neighbour North Aston, so they chose to remain with their aircraft to try to control its descent.

[16] A customer of the Three Horse Shoes pub who saw the crash reported "The jet was making a horrible sputtering noise and looked to barely be in control.

"[16] On the final approach Captain Lindh and Major McGuire did launch their escape pod, but it was entangled in the airfield perimeter fence and both men were killed.

[16] They paid for a monument to the two men to be made and erected in the air force section of Upper Heyford cemetery.

[21] Unusually for a location in the UK, Upper Heyford has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate using the new averages for 1991–2020.