Uxbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States, first colonized in 1662 and incorporated in 1727.

The historical society notes that Uxbridge is the "Heart of The Blackstone Valley" and is also known as "the Cradle of the Industrial Revolution".

Lydia Taft reportedly voted in the 1756 town meeting, considered as a first for colonial women.

[29][30] Quakers including Richard Mowry migrated here from Smithfield, Rhode Island, and built mills, railroads, houses, tools and Conestoga wagon wheels.

Friends Meetinghouse, next to Moses Farnum's farm, had prominent abolitionists Abby Kelley Foster and Effingham Capron as members.

[16] Samuel Willard treated smallpox victims,[42] was a forerunner of modern psychiatry, and ran the first hospital for mental illness in America.

[43] Uxbridge led Massachusetts in robberies for a quarter of the year in 1922, and the town voted to hire its first nighttime police patrolman.

[46] Examples of this development can be seen in the work of Richard Mowry, who built and marketed equipment to manufacture woolen, linen, or cotton cloth,[3][47] and gristmills, sawmills, distilleries, and large industries.

[48] Innovations included power looms, vertical integration of wool to clothing, cashmere wool-synthetic blends, "wash and wear", yarn spinning techniques, and latch hook kits.

Arnold's Ironstone cotton mill, later made Kentucky Blue Jeans,[25] and Seth Read's gristmill, later housed Bay State Arms.

Hecla and Wheelockville housed American Woolen, Waucantuck Mill, Hilena Lowell's shoe factory, and Draper Corporation.

[50] Blanchard's granite quarry provided curb stones to New York City, the Statue of Liberty and regional public works projects.

[8][11][46][53] Charles A. Root, Edward Bachman, and Harold Walter expanded Bachman-Uxbridge, and exhibited leadership in women's fashion.

60 Federalist homes[25] were added to 54 national and 375 state-listed historic sites, including Georgian Elmshade (where War Secretary Alphonso Taft had recounted local family history at a famous reunion).

In 2013 multiple fires again affected the town, including a historic bank building and a Quaker home from the early 1800s.

[68] The McCluskey School parking lot and former Bernat Mill site were used for Netflix film crews setup in 2021.

[71] The Uxbridge High Spartans Field Hockey Team clinched its fourth consecutive state championship in the 2024 Season.

It borders Douglas, Mendon, Millville, Northbridge, and Sutton, Massachusetts, plus the Rhode Island towns of Burrillville and North Smithfield.

A 618,000 square feet (57,400 m2) distribution center serves Fortune 500 BJ's Wholesale Club's, northern division.

[100] Local government granted the first woman in America the right to vote,[16] nixed a smallpox vaccine in 1775,[16] and defied the Massachusetts Secretary of State by approving women jurors.

[101] The 2009 Board of Health made Uxbridge the third community in the US to ban tobacco sales in pharmacies, but later reversed this.

Uxbridge is also a member of one of the thirteen towns of the Blackstone Valley Regional Vocational School District.

A private air strip, Sky Glen Airport on Quaker Highway, is still listed on FAA sites, though the map location shows it within a dense industrial park, and at its peak of operations, it saw very low traffic.

[105] Tri-River Family Health Center (University of Massachusetts Medical School) offers primary care.

Milford Regional, Landmark Medical Center, hospices and long term care are nearby or local.