[4] At times, Völkisch nationalism was a broad and predominant ideological view in Central Europe, represented in numerous nationalist, explicitly antisemitic and other racist associations of all kinds with many publications and well-known personalities.
[5] Völkisch nationalism means the rise of their own Volks defined by common descent, culture and language, and the desire for a homogeneous population by excluding foreigners.
[6] German social scientist Helmut Kellershohn [de] calls seven core elements of a Völkisch nationalism:[7] Towards the end of the 19th century, the movement gained influence over the political and cultural debate in Central Europe.
A nationally charged Protestantism of the Reich thus led to the Nazi concept of the German Christians.
From the postwar era to today, Völkisch nationalism is rejected by the mainstream German political circles.